Jod
53
I
Skupina
17
Perioda
5
Blok
p
Protoni
Elektroni
Neutroni
53
53
74
Opća svojstva
Atomski broj
53
Relativna atomska masa
126,90447
Maseni broj
127
Kategorija
Halogeni elementi
Boja
Škriljasto siva
Radioaktivan
Ne
Od grčke riječi iodes, ljubičasta
Kristalna struktura
Bazno centrirana ortorombična
Povijest
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
Elektrona po ljusci
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Elektronska konfiguracija
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Fizikalna svojstva
Agregacijsko stanje
Čvrsto
Gustoća
4,93 g/cm3
Talište
386,85 K | 113,7 °C | 236,66 °F
Vrelište
457,4 K | 184,25 °C | 363,65 °F
Toplina taljenja
7,76 kJ/mol
Toplina isparavanja
20,9 kJ/mol
Specifični toplinski kapacitet
0,214 J/g·K
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori
0,000049%
Zastupljenost u svemiru
1×10-7%
CAS broj
7553-56-2
PubChem CID broj
807
Atomska svojstva
Atomski radijus
140 pm
Kovalentni radijus
139 pm
Elektronegativnost
2,66 (Paulingova ljestvica)
Potencijal ionizacije
10,4513 eV
Atomski volumen
25,74 cm3/mol
Toplinska vodljivost
0,00449 W/cm·K
Stanja oksidacije
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
Primjene
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
127INestabilni izotopi
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I