Holmij
67
Ho
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
6
Blok
f
Protoni
Elektroni
Neutroni
67
67
98
Opća svojstva
Atomski broj
67
Relativna atomska masa
164,93032
Maseni broj
165
Kategorija
Lantanoidi
Boja
Srebrna
Radioaktivan
Ne
Od latinske riječi Holmia, Štokholm
Kristalna struktura
Jednostavna heksagonska
Povijest
Holmium was discovered by Swiss chemists Marc Delafontaine and Jacques-Louis Soret in 1878.
They noticed the aberrant spectrographic absorption bands of the then-unknown element.
Later in 1878, Per Teodor Cleve independently discovered the element while he was working on erbia earth.
They noticed the aberrant spectrographic absorption bands of the then-unknown element.
Later in 1878, Per Teodor Cleve independently discovered the element while he was working on erbia earth.
Elektrona po ljusci
2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2
Elektronska konfiguracija
[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Holmium has the highest magnetic strength of any naturally occurring element
Fizikalna svojstva
Agregacijsko stanje
Čvrsto
Gustoća
8,795 g/cm3
Talište
1734,15 K | 1461 °C | 2661,8 °F
Vrelište
2993,15 K | 2720 °C | 4928 °F
Toplina taljenja
17 kJ/mol
Toplina isparavanja
265 kJ/mol
Specifični toplinski kapacitet
0,165 J/g·K
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori
0,00012%
Zastupljenost u svemiru
5×10-8%
CAS broj
7440-60-0
PubChem CID broj
23988
Atomska svojstva
Atomski radijus
176 pm
Kovalentni radijus
192 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,23 (Paulingova ljestvica)
Potencijal ionizacije
6,0215 eV
Atomski volumen
18,7 cm3/mol
Toplinska vodljivost
0,162 W/cm·K
Stanja oksidacije
3
Primjene
Holmium is used to create the strongest artificially generated magnetic fields, when placed within high-strength magnets as a magnetic pole piece.
It is one of the colorants used for cubic zirconia and glass, providing yellow or red coloring.
Holmium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are used in nuclear reactor control rods.
It is one of the colorants used for cubic zirconia and glass, providing yellow or red coloring.
Holmium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are used in nuclear reactor control rods.
Holmium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
165HoNestabilni izotopi
140Ho, 141Ho, 142Ho, 143Ho, 144Ho, 145Ho, 146Ho, 147Ho, 148Ho, 149Ho, 150Ho, 151Ho, 152Ho, 153Ho, 154Ho, 155Ho, 156Ho, 157Ho, 158Ho, 159Ho, 160Ho, 161Ho, 162Ho, 163Ho, 164Ho, 166Ho, 167Ho, 168Ho, 169Ho, 170Ho, 171Ho, 172Ho, 173Ho, 174Ho, 175Ho