Kalifornij
98
Cf
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
7
Blok
f
Protoni
Elektroni
Neutroni
98
98
153
Opća svojstva
Atomski broj
98
Relativna atomska masa
[251]
Maseni broj
251
Kategorija
Aktinoidi
Boja
n/a
Radioaktivan
Da
Imenovan po Kaliforniji i Sveučilištu u Kaliforniji
Kristalna struktura
Jednostavna heksagonska
Povijest
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Elektrona po ljusci
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Elektronska konfiguracija
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Fizikalna svojstva
Agregacijsko stanje
Čvrsto
Gustoća
15,1 g/cm3
Talište
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Vrelište
-
Toplina taljenja
n/a
Toplina isparavanja
n/a
Specifični toplinski kapacitet
-
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori
n/a
Zastupljenost u svemiru
n/a
CAS broj
7440-71-3
PubChem CID broj
n/a
Atomska svojstva
Atomski radijus
-
Kovalentni radijus
-
Elektronegativnost
1,3 (Paulingova ljestvica)
Potencijal ionizacije
6,2817 eV
Atomski volumen
18,4 cm3/mol
Toplinska vodljivost
0,1 W/cm·K
Stanja oksidacije
2, 3, 4
Primjene
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
-Nestabilni izotopi
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf